Migrating to the United States is a dream for many, but the process can be complex without the right information. Whether you’re moving for work, study, business, or to reunite with family, understanding the visa types, application procedures, and essential requirements is the first step toward a successful migration. This guide will walk you through all you need to know, including useful tips and reliable resources.

1. Types of US Visas

The US offers two broad categories of visas: Non-Immigrant Visas (for temporary stays) and Immigrant Visas (for permanent residency).

Non-Immigrant Visas (Temporary Stay)

These are for individuals who intend to stay in the US temporarily:

• B1/B2 Visa – Business or tourism
  
  
• F1 Visa – Academic student
  
  
• J1 Visa – Exchange visitor (includes interns, scholars)
  H1-B Visa – Skilled workers and professionals
  
  
• O Visa – Individuals with extraordinary ability or achievement in their field, such as science, education, arts, business, or athletics, or who have demonstrated a record of extraordinary achievement in the motion picture or television industry.
  
  
• TN Visa – For Canadian and Mexican professionals under NAFTA
  
  

Immigrant Visas (Permanent Residency)

These lead to a Green Card and permanent residence:

• Family-Based Visas – For spouses, children, or parents of US citizens
  
  
• Employment-Based Visas – For workers with sponsorship
  
  
• Diversity Visa (DV) Lottery – A random selection program for nationals of underrepresented countries
  
  
• Investor Visas (EB-5) – For those investing $800,000+ in a US business
  
  
• Special Immigrant Visas – For certain groups that have worked with the US Government abroad, particularly in Afghan and Iraq who face threats due to their service.
  
  

2. US Visa Application Process

Step 1: Determine the Right Visa Type

Use the US Department of State’s Visa Wizard to identify which visa is suitable for you.

Step 2: Complete the Online Application (DS-160 or DS-260)

• Non-immigrant visa: DS-160 form
  
  
• Immigrant visa: DS-260 form
  
  

You’ll need:

• A valid passport
  
  
• A recent passport-sized photo (as per US photo guidelines)
  
  
• Personal information and travel history
  
  

Step 3: Pay the Visa Application Fee

• Fees vary by visa type, typically between $160–$265.
  
  
• Payment can be made online or at designated banks in your country.
  
  

Step 4: Schedule an Interview

• Interviews are required for most visa types (except certain renewals and applicants under 14 or over 79).
  
  
• Book an appointment at your nearest US embassy or consulate via the US Visa Information and Appointment Services website.
• Ensure the interview is scheduled after you've completed the DS-160 and paid the fee.
  
  

Step 5: Attend Your Interview

Bring:

• DS-160 or DS-260 confirmation page
  
  
• Appointment confirmation
  
  
• Valid passport
  
  
• Supporting documents (varies by visa type, see section below)
  
  

3. Visa Requirements (Documents Checklist)

Each visa category has specific requirements, but here are general documents to prepare:

4. Visa Interview Tips

• Be honest and concise with your answers.
  
  
• Dress appropriately and arrive early.
  
  
• Bring only required documents.
  
  
• Practice common interview questions like:
  
  
  
  • Why are you going to the US?
    
    
  • How will you support yourself there?
    
    
  • What do you plan to do after your visa expires?
    
    

5. What Happens After the Interview?

• Approval: Your passport will be held for visa stamping and returned in a few days.
  
  
• Denial: You’ll be informed of the reason—common issues include lack of ties to home country, missing documents, or ineligibility.
  
  

Use the US Visa Status Check to track your application.

6. Tips for a Successful Migration Journey

• Apply early—visa processing can take weeks or months.
  
  
• Save for unexpected costs, including health insurance and accommodation.
  
  
• For students, work closely with your designated school official (DSO).
  
  
• For employment visas, ensure your employer is registered with USCIS.
  
  
• Bookmark uscis.gov and travel.state.gov for official updates.
  
  

7. Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Submitting incomplete or inaccurate information
  
  
• Applying for the wrong visa type
  
  
• Missing your interview or not bringing the correct documents
  
  
• Ignoring the importance of ties to your home country for tourist/student visas
  
  
• Using unverified “agents” or middlemen to process your application
  
  

8. How Afriex Helps You Stay Financially Ready

Planning to migrate to the US? You’ll need a reliable way to send, receive, or hold USD. Afriex makes international money transfers seamless and affordable for Africans migrating abroad.

• Send and Receive money globally at lightning speed
  
  
• Hold USD, NGN, and more currencies in one wallet
  
  
• Plan, budget and Schedule Payment of bills such as tuition or rent with ease
  
  

Learn more at www.afriex.com